{"id":3380,"date":"2025-07-18T12:06:32","date_gmt":"2025-07-18T04:06:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/calcium-carbonate.epic-powder.com\/?p=3380"},"modified":"2025-07-18T12:06:36","modified_gmt":"2025-07-18T04:06:36","slug":"how-much-do-you-know-about-mineral-fillers-for-papermaking","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/calcium-carbonate.epic-powder.com\/vi\/how-much-do-you-know-about-mineral-fillers-for-papermaking\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng d\u00f9ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng<\/a> \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u1ea5y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t phi kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 canxi cacbonat, \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t kaolin v\u00e0 talc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. Khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n kho\u00e1ng<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

cao lanh<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"cao<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Cao lanh m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao. Trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, cao lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00e1c trong b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i g\u1ed7 trong gi\u1ea5y, cho ph\u00e9p cao lanh n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i. Ngo\u00e0i ra, cao lanh c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. Nh\u1edd chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, cao lanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n. N\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao lanh l\u00e0m cho gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7. Cao lanh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong gi\u1ea5y c\u00e1n si\u00eau m\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9t Talc<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"B\u1ed9t<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Talc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng cao, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t cao. N\u00f3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y trung t\u00ednh khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi canxi cacbonat (CaCO3). Talc c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ma s\u00e1t th\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0i m\u00f2n m\u00e1y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap gi\u1eef talc trong gi\u1ea5y, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in. Talc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong in \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng quay, in flexo v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y tr\u00e1ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canxi cacbonat xay (GCC)<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"D\u00f2ng<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng GCC l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng cao v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tro l\u1edbn. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o m\u00e0u, \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee1 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c. GCC c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. GCC th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m. Khi ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh axit sang quy tr\u00ecnh trung t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 GCC ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y ki\u1ec1m \u00edt g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho m\u00e1y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canxi cacbonat k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a (PCC)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

PCC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi GCC. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PCC gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c cho gi\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee3i th\u00f4 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1ea3m hao m\u00f2n m\u00e1y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed. PCC c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in \u1ea5n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Titan Dioxit (TiO2)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

TiO2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng, chi\u1ebft su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c cao. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. TiO2 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. TiO2 d\u1ea1ng rutile th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dolomit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Dolomite c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 canxit. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thay th\u1ebf GCC trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p gi\u1ea5y. Sau khi nghi\u1ec1n \u01b0\u1edbt, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1eafng Carbon \u0110en<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"M\u00e1y<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, than \u0111en tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u ch\u00ednh cho gi\u1ea5y in phun t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Than tr\u1eafng nanomet ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1edbi nanomet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha kh\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ri\u00eang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 cao h\u01a1n. Nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 than tr\u1eafng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho gi\u1ea5y in phun \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bentonit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c tinh ch\u1ebf, bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u1eafng bentonite \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 l\u1ecdc, b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u ph\u1ee7, ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bentonite trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ee3 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef vi m\u00f4 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 trong gi\u1ea5y sao ch\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a carbon (s\u00e9t tr\u1eafng axit ho\u1eb7c ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh). C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bentonite \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zeolit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i zeolit ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y l\u00e0 clinoptilolite, mordenite, analcime v\u00e0 phillipsite. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ed1p cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n, zeolit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong gi\u1ea5y in, zeolit mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 cao. \u0110\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a zeolit gi\u00fap n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hao m\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c m\u00e1y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wollastonit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"wollastonit<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Wollastonite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 60. Wollastonite bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo dai v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc cao h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u00e1i l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi s\u1ee3i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y. \u1ede c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n gi\u1ea5y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng wollastonite bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 0,3 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,0 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi talc v\u00e0 GCC (canxi cacbonat n\u1eb7ng) c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ecbn, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. Wollastonite bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n cao, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng wollastonite trong m\u00e1y xeo gi\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

th\u1ea1ch cao<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ee3i th\u1ea1ch cao kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u1ee3i kho\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn, d\u1ec5 v\u1ee1, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef n\u1ebfp k\u00e9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Th\u1ea1ch cao c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong gi\u1ea5y in, gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5y. Th\u1ea1ch cao bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef n\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ed9t talc ho\u1eb7c canxi cacbonat. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u ph\u1ee7, th\u1ea1ch cao bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng in c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vermiculite<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"vermiculite\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vermiculite n\u1edf ra t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u1ed1p, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1ch \u00e2m, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ecbu l\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u1ea5m h\u00fat, kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n, h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ion. Vermiculite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea5y b\u00eca s\u00e1ch, gi\u1ea5y trang tr\u00ed, gi\u1ea5y \u01b0\u01a1m c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, gi\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v.v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1 Sepiolit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sepiolit c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao (1500\u20131700\u00b0C), ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u1ed1t, ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n, ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, gi\u1ea5y kh\u1eed m\u00f9i, gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, gi\u1ea5y m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m, gi\u1ea5y v\u1ec7 sinh, gi\u1ea5y t\u00e3, gi\u1ea5y y t\u1ebf, gi\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e1o hoa, gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, gi\u1ea5y ni\u00eam phong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v.v.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea5t diatomit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"\u0110\u1ea5t<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea5t diatomit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, l\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00eca cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, b\u1ed9 t\u00e1ch pin, gi\u1ea5y gia d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5m n\u01b0\u1edbc cao, gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y, mi\u1ebfng l\u00f3t v\u1ec7 sinh cho th\u00fa c\u01b0ng, m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Halloysite<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Halloysite \u0111ang trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n th\u1ea5p, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00e1y xeo gi\u1ea5y t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n gi\u1ea5y (30\u201360%) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng PVA, APM ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u1ed1c tinh b\u1ed9t. Halloysite c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 m\u1ecbn cho gi\u1ea5y t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n ammolite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tremolit<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Tremolite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i b\u00e1n trong su\u1ed1t. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 wollastonite v\u00e0 halloysite. N\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u00e9p \u0111\u00f9n, ph\u1ee7 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a laminate gi\u1ea5y-nh\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maifanstone<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"Maifanstone\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan cho th\u1ea5y maifanstone c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00eca c\u1ee9ng l\u00f3t gi\u00e0y y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00f4m oxit nung \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, b\u1ed9t vi silica, garnet, mullite<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n v\u00e0 l\u1edbp ph\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5y nh\u00e1m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng. M\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 s\u00e0n composite, trang tr\u00ed n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed9t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9n gi\u1ea5y v\u1eabn \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed9t Epic<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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